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Animals are trained to receive a painful foot shock only in a particular cage (context). When they are put in that cage 24 hours later, they will show freezing behaviour. How do hippocampal lesions affect this conditioning?

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Stimulation of the basolateral (BL) nucleus of the amygdala of rats excites the central nucleus of the amygdala which results in a fear response. Stimulation of which brain area 20-60 milliseconds before the BL stimulation inhibits this response?

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Interoceptive attention and __________ are both correlated with increased activity in the right anterior insula.

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Benny has been diagnosed with narcolepsy. Which of the following is likely to happen to Benny? TWO answers

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Stage 1. An animal was exposed to a tone that was followed by a shock to its feet until it learned to freeze when the tone was presented (classical conditioning). Stage 2. The tone is presented with no shock many times. The animal does not freeze when the tone is presented. Stage 3. After a week, when the tone is presented the animal freezes. All stages occur in the same cage. What processes are described in Stages 2 and 3 of the experiment?

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Stimulating these neurons is thought to be the common mechanism underlying the positive reinforcing effect of drugs like nicotine, cocaine and heroin:

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What is NOT correct about neuropeptide Y (NPY)?

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Bromberg-Martin and colleagues claim that in addition to the reward-predicting dopamine neurons in the midbrain, some dopamine neurons respond to a novel cue. What is true of these salience-coding neurons?

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What is correct about insulin and the brain?

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In an experiment after extinction of conditioned fear, the CS was presented in the same context (environment) where the extinction took place or in an unfamiliar context. How did the context affect the firing rate of neurons in the amygdala after the extinction?

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