Question: Hashish consumers in Mandatory Palestine —

Explanation: In the readings, hashish consumption in Mandatory Palestine was overwhelmingly associated with the urban Arab working classes. Jewish communities, both Old Yishuv and Zionist immigrants, generally avoided hashish because it was seen as an “Oriental” vice that threatened moral discipline and national identity. This imbalance shaped colonial policing, public discourse, and later Israeli “hashishophobia.” (Reading: Ram, Hashishophobia). Quote: “Hashish smoking in interwar Palestine was largely confined to the Arab urban working class.” (Ram, Hashishophobia).