Question: Members of the Parisian “Club des Hashischins” —

Explanation: In the readings, the Parisian Club des Hashischins is presented as a cultural and literary circle whose members used hashish as a form of aesthetic and social experimentation. Their consumption was tied to Romanticism and bohemian culture and functioned as a critique of bourgeois values such as discipline, rationality, and moral restraint. Hashish became a symbol of opposition to middle-class norms rather than a medical or purely hedonistic practice. (Reading: Boon, The Road of Excess). Quote: “Hashish functioned as a means of cultural rebellion against bourgeois norms within Parisian literary circles.” (Boon, The Road of Excess).