Pathophysiology

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Glucocorticosteroids hormones are important in immunity and inflammation. How does the inflammatory response occur in people with hypocorticism?

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שאלה #17548

done		Excessive exudation
done		Hyperergic variant
		Diminished vascular reactions
done		Exaggerated vascular reactions
		Hypoergic variant

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How metabolic processes are changed in insulin deficiency

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שאלה #17549

done		Negative nitrogen balance
		Reduced catabolism
		Positive nitrogen balance
done		Reduced anabolism
		Increased anabolism

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How the protein metabolism is modified in somatotropin hypersecretion?

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שאלה #17550

done		Protein synthesis with a positive nitrogen balance
		Organs atrophy
		Proteolysis increase with a negative nitrogen balance
done		Organs hypertrophy
		Amino-acid transamination activation

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Hyperglycemia is the main symptom in insulin deficiency. What are immediate consequences in hyperglycemia?

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שאלה #17551

done		Hyperosmolarity of blood
		Glycolization of proteins in the hepatocytes
		Intensified lipogenesis from glucose
		Myoglobin glycolization
done		Glucosuria

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Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids affects electrolytic homeostasis. What are pathogenetic mechanisms for electrolytic dyshomeostasis in glucocorticoid hypersecretion?

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שאלה #17552

done		In high concentration glucocorticoids have mineralocorticoid effect
		In high concentration glucocorticoids inhibit sodium reabsorbtion in renal tubes
		In high concentration glucocorticoids stimulates potassium reabsorbtion in renal tubes
		In physiological concentration glucocorticoids have mineralocorticoid effect
done		In high concentration glucocorticoids stimulate sodium reabsorbtion in renal tubes

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In diabetes mellitus in lack of insulin there is catecholamine hypersecretion. What are the metabolic effects of high catecholamine level?

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שאלה #17553

		Retention hyperlipidemia
done		Intensified lipolysis
		Intensified glycogenogenesis
		Ketonemia
mood		Intensified glycogenolysis and hyperglycemia

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In insulin deficiency there is intense mobilization of lipids from storages. What are consequences of transport hyperlipidemia?

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שאלה #17554

done		Ketonemia
done		Fatty dystrophy in the liver
		Obesity
		Subcutaneous xanthomas
		Atheromatosis

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Insulin changes glycemia and peripheral use of glucose. What are the mechanisms for high peripheral up-take of glucose induced by insulin?

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שאלה #17555

		Activation of GLUT receptors localized on pancreatic cells
done		Activation of GLUT receptors localized on skeletal muscles
done		Activation of hepatic glucokinase
		Activation of GLUT receptors localized on hepatocytes
		Activation of GLUT receptors localized on neurons

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Insulin deficiency and hypersecretion of glucagon in diabetes mellitus lead to transport hyperlipidemia and liver invasion with free fatty acids. What can be the consequences?

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שאלה #17556

		Increased resynthesis of free fatty acids from Acetyl-CoA
		Increased synthesis of phospholipids in hepatocytes
sentiment_very_satisfied		Increased production and release in the blood of ketone bodies
		Increased production and release in the blood of cholesterol
done		Increased synthesis and accumulation in the liver of triglycerides

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Insulin is the most important anabolic hormone. What anabolic processes are affected in insulin deficiency?

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שאלה #17557

		Glycogenogenesis in the kidneys
done		Glycogenogenesis in the liver
		Lipoprotein synthesis in the liver
done		Lipogenesis in adipose tissue
		Ketone bodies synthesis

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